Hungarian History - Islam present from it's begining

First migrations:

 

Migration of Sabirs from Caucasus to what is now Bashkortostan, they were related to Khazars and possibly of (Attila`s) Hunnic origin.

 

At same time half of Volga Bulgars from what is now Tatarstan start migration to Balkans, they were related to Khazars (we'll talk about them latter), later known as Bulgarians.

 

Nowadays Bashkortostan is known like Magna Hungaria and is designed as first Magyar state.

 

It`s possible that Hungarian tribes who belongs to Onogur tribes (Onogur is a turkic word) adopted Ugric language there (nowadays Bashkir people speak Turkic language but genetically are Ugric is possible that they are indigenous and never migrated).

 

Migration to Caucasus and Khazar Empire from Magna Hungaria:

 

Hungarian tribes starts migration from Magna Hungaria to Khazar Empire and establish Levedia in what is now southeastern Ukraine and Donbass.

At that time many anti-khazar turkic and iranic tribes join Magyars (some of those tribes were muslims) -> seems that Hungarians were very powerful.

 

Third of Magyar confederation is migrating to Caucasus (they disappear somewhere what is now Azerbaijan and Iranian Azerbaijan after few centuries).

 

Migration outside Khazar Empire:

 

Magyar tribes establish Etelköz in what is know as Podolya and Bessarabia.

 

Starts war against Bulgars who established Bulgarian khaganate (known as Old Great Bulgaria) in nowadays Bulgaria, Serbia, Romania, Moldova and Hungary (infact some level of Magyar war against Bulgars started in Khazar empire on request of Byzantine empire).

 

Migration outside nowadays Ukraine:

 

Some Magyar tribes disappear after few decades in what is now Dobrich and Varna provinces of Bulgaria.

 

Bulgarian power over what is now Moldova (Republic of Moldova and Moldova province of Romania), Dobrogea and Wallachia is crushed and Magyar tribes starts war against Bulgars in Carpathian basin and in 895 AD they won what is now Hungary and Transylvania. 

Hungarian migrations and conquest of Carpathian Basin map

 

Carpathian Basin - Nowadays Hungary and Ardeal (Transylvania):

 

In Carpathian basin Hungarian tribes finds parts of Avars between rivers of Danube and Tisza (Avars established Avar Khaganate and were of Turkic or Pseudo-Turkic, possibly Iranic origin -> Turkic tribes were calling them "our slaves who fled", Avars enslaved Slavic people and adopted Slavic language), Jazyges (or Iazyges, in Hungarian Jászok) who are from Iranic origin (possibly Sarmatian or Scythian) (they still exists !) and few Slavic tribes.

 

Muslim Turkic Kabarok (or other Muslim tribes) who came with old-Hungarian tribes as conquestors of Carpathian Basin:

Muslim tribes locations in Hungary

 

Muslim tribes settled what is now east part of Hungary and are know as Böszörmények in XII, XIV and XV centuries Hungarian kings starts forced conversions to Christianity.

 

Other Muslim tribes were Kálizok (means Khwarezmians) who were settled in novadays Vojvodina (now part of Serbia) and southern counties of Hungary.

 

 

 

Turkic migrations into Hungary and Mongolian invasion:

 

In XIII Century like 250.000 Cumans and 150.000 Pechenegs who both were of were seeking asylum in Hungary and settled in central Hungary (Kunság, Kiskunság, Nagykunság) -> they fled after defeat of Cuman-Kipchak confederation by Mongolian Empire, they refused to serve under Genghis Khan`s Mongolian Empire.

 

After it Mongolian army ruined Poland, Moravia, Upper Hungary and Hungary but leave because of Mongolian games in what is now Mongolia.

 

Cumans in Hungary were speaking Cuman language to XVIII century and possibly to first half of XIX Century and till present preserve Cuman traditions.

Ottoman conquest and rule over Hungary:

 

 (It will be completed later)

Hungary under Ottoman rule

Magyarabs - Hungarians who came to Nubia (northern parts of Sudan and southern part of Egypt) with Ottomans (English and Hungarian Wikipedia texts):

 

They are of Hungarian ancestry, probably dating back to the late 16th century.

 

History of Magyarabs

 

According to legend, Christian Hungarians who had only recently been brought under the control of the Ottoman Empire formed a part of the Ottoman army that was fighting in southern Egypt. Evidently, a portion or the entirety of the fighting unit remained there and intermarried with the local Nubian women.

According to local Magyarabs, their ancestor was Ibrahim el-Magyar,[general] who came from Buda (present-day Budapest) in 1517, he married with a local Nubian woman, they had a son called Ali. Ali had five sons (Selami, Mustafa, Djelal Eddin, Musa and Iksa), and Ali's five sons were the ancestor of all Magyarabs. Magyar Abs have been members of the World Federation of Hungarians (Magyarok Világszövetsége) since 1992 and still consider themselves as Hungarians.

They were not discovered by Europeans until 1892, when László Almásy, himself Hungarian, and his co-worker, the German engineer and explorer Hansjoachim von der Esch, happened upon the tribe in the Nubian region. Representatives of the tribes had attempted to make contact with Hungarian officials, but were unable to do so because of the outbreak of World War I.
 

These people now have a mixed race appearance due to the intermarriage with the local Nubian population and no longer speak the Hungarian language. Around 1934, however, Esch, who spent several weeks with the population of the Magyarab island at Wadi Halfa, put together a list of non-Arabic words used only on that island and which, according to him, were recognized by Almasy as similar to Hungarian words.

 

His notes show that all Magyarab in Wadi Halfa were convinced that their ancestors came from "Nemsa" (the Arabic word for Austria), which might refer to any region of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

 

He was told by the chief of the Magyarab island village that their ancestors arrived in Egypt/Sudan as a group of "Austrian" soldiers led by a man called Shenghal Sendjer, which Esch assumes to be originally General Sendjer or Senger.

 

 Magyarabs live along the Nile, in Sudan around Wadi Halfa, in Egypt around Aswan in the villages of Magyarab-irki, Magyararti, Magyariyya, Magyar-nirki, Hillit el-Magyarab and about 400 Magyarabs live in Cairo.

 

Hungarian wikipedia about Magyarab history says:

 

According to the stories of the Magyarabs, their ancestors arrived in Egypt in 1517 with Selim 1st, an Ottoman Sultan conquering army, and after the war, they participated in the rush of soldiers in Alexandria. 

 Then an Ibrahim al-Magyar, that is, Abraham, led the way to Vádi Half, (in another version Hasan el-Magyar).

 

Selim directed some of the forces to Nubia to secure the area there, and to protect the beef cattle and caravans on the Arab roadside. 

These forces consisted of Hungarian and Bosnian janissaries who did not return to the Ottoman Empire, but settled in the countryside and began to mix with the locals.

 

Population of Magyarabs

According to Magyarab Association they number 60.000 people.

According to Hungarian orientalist István Fodor they number 12.000 people.

Hungarian Muslims living outside Hungary (texts from English, Hungarian and French Wikipedia):

Nusaybin's Hungarians:

The Hungarian Muslims of Nusaybin (Hungarian: Nusaybini Magyar Muszlimok) are a group of four Turkish families of Hungarian descent, established in Nusaybin after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848-49. These are the Macar, Macaroğlu, Soyubey and Yıldızoğlu families, whose progeny is now estimated at about 300 people. 

 

Their common ancestor would be Hacı Ahmed, a Hungarian soldier who served Josef Bem after his exile in Aleppo, then a city in the Ottoman Empire, where he converted to Islam with a group of 6,000 Hungarian and Polish soldiers.

Where is Nusaybin located?

City of Nusaybin is nowadays located in Turkey's Mardin province what is part of Turkish Kurdistan.

Famous Nusaybin's Hungarians

Many of the Nusaybini Hungarians are known people - Ahmet Yıldızoğlu, one of the leaders of the ruling AKP party, or Moammer Macaroğlu, retired director of the Meat and Fish Product Board.

 

Madjars from Kazakhstan (text from English wikipedia):

 

 The Madjars or Madi-yar people are a Turkic ethnic group in Kazakhstan. They number about 1,000–2,000 and live mostly in the Kostanay Region.

Turkologist Imre Baski claims that the ethnonym Madjar means 'faithful Muslim'.

"Madi-yar that proved to be a compound anthroponym (Madi[y]-yar) of Arabic-Persian origin. The paper also provides the explanation of the anthroponyms Aldi-yar (’Allah’s friend/follower’) and Ḫudi-yar (’God’s friend/follower’), the “relatives” of Madi(y)-yar (’Muhammad’s friend/follower’)".

Madjars have the highest recorded rate of Y-DNA Haplogroup G: a level of 86.7% (45 individuals).^[2] This suggests that the Madjars are linked genetically to the neighbouring Argyn people of Kazakhstan, as well as various peoples of the Caucasus, and modern Iranians.

While the Madjars have sometimes been linked onomastically to the Magyars (Hungarians). Proponents of this view include supporters of "Hungarian Turanism", such as Zsolt András Biró.

 

However, it is not supported by any strong material evidence. In fact, haplogroup G is rare in Hungary (at a rate around 3%) and has much higher rates in parts of Western and Southern Europe (e.g. Italy and France). Southern German populations also have a higher rate of Haplogroup G than the Hungarian population.

 

A recent study among Hungarians shows it reaches as high 6.9% which is still much lower than 80+%